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Many business leaders, politicians and academics are overwhelmingly pessimistic about the threat Covid-19 still poses even as the pandemic enters its third year. They worry that an uneven economic recovery could deepen divisions within societies and between countries.
新冠疫情已持续三年，许多商界领袖、政界人士和学者仍对新冠构成的威胁持过于悲观的态度。他们担心经济复苏不均衡会加深社会内部和国家之间的差距。
Academic: a person who teaches and/or does research at a university or college 高等院校教师；高校科研人员
overwhelmingly pessimistic 过于悲观
overwhelming: very great or very strong; so powerful that you cannot resist it or decide how to react 巨大的；压倒性的；无法抗拒的
The evidence against him was overwhelming. 对他不利的证据确凿，无法抵赖。
an overwhelming sense of loss 莫大的失落感
pessimistic /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/：~ (about sth) expecting bad things to happen or sth not to be successful; showing this 悲观的；悲观主义的
They appeared surprisingly pessimistic about their chances of winning.他们对胜利的可能性显得出奇地悲观。
相对的是optimistic: 乐观的
the threat Covid-19 still poses 新冠疫情造成的威胁
pose此处的用法是：[ VN] to create a threat, problem, etc. that has to be dealt with 造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生
to pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁╱挑战╱危险╱风险
The task poses no special problems . 这项任务不会造成特别的问题。
More than 84% of global experts surveyed by the World Economic Forum are worried or concerned about the outlook for the world, according to the forum's Global Risks Report published Tuesday.
世界经济论坛周二发布的《全球风险报告》称，在该论坛调查的全球专家中，超过 84% 的人对世界前景表示担忧。
worried or concerned about the outlook for the world 对世界的前景表达了担忧或者关切concerned此处的取义是: ~ (about/for sth)~ (that...)worried and feeling concern about sth 担心的；忧虑的
Concerned parents held a meeting. 忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。
The President is deeply concerned about this issue. 总统对这个问题深感担忧。
With only half of the world's population fully vaccinated, WEF said that vaccine inequality is creating a divergent economic recovery "that risks compounding pre-existing social cleavages and geopolitical tensions."
世界经济论坛称，由于世界上仅有一半人口全程接种了疫苗，这种不均衡也导致各地经济恢复情况各不相同；这种状态“有可能加剧原有的社会分裂和地缘政治紧张局势。”
vaccinate: [VN] ~ sb (against sth) to give a person or an animal a vaccine , especially by injecting it, in order to protect them against a disease 给…接种疫苗
I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
名词性vaccination:Make sure your vaccinations are up to date. 一定要接种最新的疫苗。vaccination against typhoid 伤寒疫苗的接种
[小结]表示“接种”的词
inoculate: [ VN] ~ sb (against sth) to protect a person or an animal from catching a particular disease byinjecting them with a mild form of the disease （给…）接种，打预防针，这是及物动词，后面直接跟接受疫苗的人，比如：...a programme to inoculate every child in the country...一个给全国每个孩子接种疫苗的计划。
如果要说预防某种病毒，那么用介词against：His dogs were inoculated against rabies. 他的狗都注射过狂犬疫苗。
名词性inoculation也可以表示疫苗接种，比如：This may eventually lead to routine inoculation of children. 这最终可能发展为儿童定期接种疫苗。
以及immunize: ~ sb/sth (against sth) to protect a person or an animal from a disease, especially by giving them an injection of a vaccine （尤指通过注射疫苗）使免疫
名词性immunization:an immunization programme to prevent epidemics 防止流行病的免疫注射方案
Divergent: ADJ Divergent things are different from each other. 不同的; 有分歧的
Two people who have divergent views on this question are George Watt and Bob Marr. 在这个问题上意见相左的两个人是乔治·瓦特和鲍勃·马尔。
When it comes to logistics, Chinese tech giants take divergent routes中国科技巨头在物流上各行其道
compound pre-existing social cleavages
compound /ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/作为动词，是 “使加重、使恶化”的意思，可以当做Exacerbate的替换词哦，[ often passive ] to make sth bad become even worse by causing further damage or problems 使加重；使恶化，比如：
He compounded the offence by calling his opponents liars.他骂对手是骗子，攻击又升级了。
The problems were compounded by severe food shortages.严重的食物短缺使问题进一步恶化。
[近义词] heighten：V-T/V-I If something heightens a feeling or if the feeling heightens, the feeling increases in degree or intensity. 加剧
The move has heightened tension in the state. 这一举动加剧了该州的紧张局势。aggravate
intensify
exacerbate
aggravate tension; 加剧紧张局势
His illness is being aggravated by anxieties. 忧虑使他的病情加剧了。
Cleavage：[ C] ( formal ) a difference or division between people or groups （个人或集团之间的）差异，差别，分歧
[近义词]
chasm /ˈkæzəm/:[ sing.] ~ (between A and B)( formal ) a very big difference between two people or groups, for example because they have different attitudes （两个人或团体之间的）巨大分歧，显著差别
the chasm that divides the worlds of university and industry隔开大学与产业之间的的鸿沟
But the Trumpian propagandaturns what is an unfortunate social chasm into venomous conspiracy theory.然而，特朗普式的政治宣传，却将这个令人遗憾的社会裂痕，扭转成了充满恶意的阴谋论。
gulf: [ Cusually sing.] ~ (between A and B)a large difference between two people or groups in the way that they think, live or feel 分歧；鸿沟；隔阂
The gulf between rich and poor is enormous. 贫富悬殊。
"The economic fallout from the pandemic is compounding with labor market imbalances, protectionism, and widening digital, education and skills gaps that risk splitting the world into divergent trajectories," said WEF, which announced last month that it would delay its 2022 summit in Davos, Switzerland.
世界经济论坛于上月宣布将推迟 2022 年在瑞士达沃斯举行的峰会。该组织表示：“疫情造成的不良经济后果正在恶化。劳动力市场失衡，保护主义盛行，以及数字、教育和技术方面的差距日益加大——这些正在把世界分割成不同的区块。”
economic fallout不良经济后果
fallout: N-UNCOUNT If you refer to the fallout from something that has happened, you mean the unpleasant consequences that follow it. 后果
Grundy lost his job in the fallout from the incident.格伦迪因该事故丢了工作。
Trajectory /trəˈdʒɛktərɪ/: N-COUNT The trajectory of something such as a person's career is the course that it follows over time. 轨迹
a relentlessly upward career trajectory...一个持续上升的职业轨迹。这里当然是比喻用法，再比如：
My career seemed to be on a downward trajectory. 我的事业似乎在走下坡路。
Looking further ahead, failure to act on the climate crisis was the biggest risk identified by the experts over the next decade, followed by extreme weather, biodiversity loss, social cohesion erosion, livelihood crises and infectious diseases. Debt crises also ranked in the top 10 most menacing global risks.
展望未来，专家们发现，未能就气候危机采取行动是世界在今后十年面临的最大风险，其次还有极端天气、生物多样性丧失、社会凝聚力下降、生育危机以及传染病。债务危机也是十大最具威胁性的全球风险之一。
biodiversity loss 生物多样性丧失
biodiversity: ( also less frequent ˌbioˌlogical diˈversity ) [ U] the existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment 生物多样性（维持着生态环境平衡的大量各种生物的共存）
social cohesion erosion 社会凝聚力下降
cohesion: ( formal ) the act or state of keeping together 黏合；结合；凝聚性
social/political/economic cohesion 社会╱政治╱经济凝聚性
erosion此处指: N-UNCOUNT The erosion of support, values, or money is a gradual decrease in its level or standard. 逐渐降低
the erosion of moral standards 道德水准的逐渐降低
infectious diseases 传染病
infectious: ADJ A disease that is infectious can be caught by being near a person who has it. Compare . 传染的
Menacing /ˈmenəsɪŋ/ 是形容词：seeming likely to cause you harm or danger 威胁的；恐吓的；危险的
ACTIVIST INVESTORS have some menacing tools of the trade.维权投资者有一些很唬人的手段。
动词形式了解一下：Menace /ˈmenəs/ : [ VN] ( formal ) to be a possible danger to sth/sb 对…构成危险；危及；威胁到
"The climate crisis remains the biggest long-term threat facing humanity," said Peter Giger, group chief risk officer at Zurich Insurance Group, which partnered with WEF to produce the report. "It is not too late for governments and businesses to act on the risks they face and to drive an innovative, determined and inclusive [energy] transition that protects economies and people."
苏黎世保险集团与世界经济论坛一起制作了这份报告，该集团首席风险官彼得·吉热说：“气候危机依然是人类面临的最大长期威胁。面对风险，若政府和企业此时开始采取行动，并坚定推进创新以及具有包容性的（能源）转型以保护经济和民众，还为时不晚。”
Partner此处用作动词: [ VN] to be sb's partner in a dance, game, etc. （在跳舞、游戏等中）结成伙伴，做搭档，配对Gerry offered to partner me at tennis. 格里提出和我搭档打网球。
Drive此处的取义是：[ VN] to influence sth or cause it to make progress 激励；促进；推进
This is the main factor driving investment in the area. 这是推动在这个地区投资的主要因素。
driving force的近义词比如
Impetus: [ Using.] ~ (for sth)~ (to sth/to do sth)something that encourages a process or activity to develop more quickly SYN stimulus 动力；推动；促进；刺激
to give (a) new/fresh impetus to sth 给某事物以新的推进力
还有momentum
本文完。
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发表于 2023-1-8 15:49:52
